A Comparison of Tools for Detecting
نویسندگان
چکیده
F ake websites are fictional, misrepresentative sites posing as legitimate providers of information, goods, or services used to garner illegitimate revenues by deceiving search engines or exploiting unsuspecting Internet users. Fraudsters have created several types of fake websites,1 including web spam, concocted, and spoof sites, as Figure 1 shows. Web spam sites attempt to deceive search engines to boost their rankings.2 Leveraging link and content spamming methods, these websites engage in black hat search engine optimization in which highly ranked web spam sites are more visible and can be sold for a greater profit.3,4 For instance, the cell phone spam domain in Figure 1a has an asking price of $350. Concocted websites are deceptive sites attempting to appear as legitimate commercial entities. Figure 1b shows a concocted site for a counterfeit investment bank called “Troy Inc.” The objective of such sites is failure-to-ship fraud; they collect unsuspecting users’ money and disappear.1 Concocted sites commonly pose as real escrow, financial, delivery, or retail companies.5 In contrast, spoof sites are imitations of real commercial sites, intended to deceive the authentic sites’ customers.6 The objective of spoofs is identity theft—capturing users’ account information by having them log in to a fake site. Ahmed Abbasi, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
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